Born 1961 in Tbilisi, graduated from the State University’s faculty of Philosophy in 1983; he took the George Marshal Centre Institute for International and Security’s advanced course in 2002, and took part in Harvard University’s Black Sea security programme in 2003. From 1983 to 1990 he was a researcher in the Institute of Philosophy; from 1987 to 1991 he was a leader of the National Movement. Form 1994 to 1995 he led the Analysis and Prognostication Centre; from 2004 to 2006 he was a senior research scholar at Tbilisi State University; from 2006 to 2008 he was a political prisoner; since 2008 he has been an associate professor of the IB-Euro-Caucasian University: he is a doctor of philosophy (2004). He has written many scholarly articles and the book A Mined Field. He was member of Georgian Georgian Parliament, (1995‒1999) and member and chairman of Georgian Parliament defence and security committee (1999-2003).